The Penguin Dictionary of Judaism by Nicholas De Lange

Author:Nicholas De Lange
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9780141917108
Publisher: Penguin Books Ltd
Published: 2008-10-15T00:00:00+00:00

kabbalat shabbat (‘welcoming the Sabbath’) Prayers welcoming the Sabbath, prefaced to the regular evening service on Sabbath eve. The practice was introduced by the Safed kabbalists in the 16th century, and has achieved widespread popularity. The prayers include LECHA DODI.

Kaddish (Aramaic, ‘sanctification’) Aramaic prayer that begins ‘Magnified and sanctified be his great name in the world which he created according to his will.’ Its main themes are praise of God and prayer for the coming of his kingdom (see KINGDOM OF GOD). It is recited traditionally at the end of each section of every service, and on some other occasions. There are five forms of the Kaddish: the short or ‘half’ Kaddish (or Kaddish le’éla), which punctuates the service at certain fixed points; the full Kaddish (Kaddish titkabbal), said after major sections of the service; the rabbis’ Kaddish (Kaddish de-rabbanan), said after the recitation or study of a passage of rabbinical literature; the mourners’ Kaddish (Kaddish yehe shelama); and the great Kaddish (Kaddish de-etchadita), said at a funeral or on concluding the study of a Talmudic tractate. The wording has been varied in some modern liturgies. Although it is commonly considered a mourner’s prayer, the Kaddish contains no mention of death or of grief, but is a glorification of God and a prayer for the coming of his reign on earth. The recitation of this prayer by mourners, both at the cemetery and subsequently, represents an act of submission to the divine will, and is popularly thought to bring merit to the soul of the departed.

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